The systematic review by Wen et al. (2019) explores the health benefits of forest bathing (Shinin-yoku) and evaluates the methodological quality of related studies.

Originating in Japan, forest bathing involves immersive, multi-sensory experiences in forest environments to enhance physical and psychological health. The review, spanning studies from January 2015 to April 2019, utilized PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, selecting 28 out of 210 initially retrieved papers. The methodological quality was assessed using the Downs and Black checklist, revealing higher quality in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compared to non-randomized controlled trials (NRCTs). The findings indicate significant health benefits. Forest bathing has been shown to reduce blood pressure and improve heart rate variability, indicating cardiovascular benefits. Neuroendocrine effects include lower levels of cortisol, adrenaline, and other stress hormones. Metabolic benefits are observed with decreased triglyceride levels and increased adiponectin. Immune function is enhanced, demonstrated by the increased activity of natural killer cells and other immune markers. Psychological well-being is improved with better mood, reduced anxiety and depression, and overall enhanced emotional well-being. The review underscores the importance of addressing subhealth symptoms prevalent in urban lifestyles and calls for more high-quality, interdisciplinary studies to fully understand the therapeutic mechanisms of forest bathing. Practical implications for Shinin Yoku guides include structuring sessions to engage all five senses, integrating mindfulness and meditation, monitoring health markers, ensuring safety, and using evidence-based interventions to maximize benefits.